Explanation

(a)(i) Arteries:

• carry blood away from the heart.
• transport oxygenated blood with the exception of pulmonary artery.

(ii) Capillaries: -

• permit exchange of materials between blood and tissues. .
• links the arteries and veins.

(iii) Veins: -

• carry blood to the heart.
• transport deoxygenated blood except pulmonary vein.

(iv) Xylem: -

• transports water/dissolved mineral salts
• serves as a supporting tissue/strengthening tissue.

(v) Phloem: -

• transports manufactured food/auxins/plants hormones
• performs strengthening supporting function.

(b) Changes in blood composition:
(i) Lungs: -

• oxygen is added to the blood.
• carbon dioxide is removed from the blood.
• water is removed from the blood.

(ii) Liver: -

• urea is added to the blood.
• hormonal level is reduced.
• glucose level reduced.
• worn out erythrocytes are removed from the blood.

(iii) Kidneys: Water, urea, some glucose; mineral salts are reduced in the blood.

(iv) Small Intestine: - simple sugars/glucose, amino acids; water; salts and vitamins are added to the blood.

(c) Cellular Components of blood: Red blood cells/erythrocytes; white blood cells/leacocytes; and platelets/ thrombocytes. 

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