Explanation

(a)(i) Excretion: The elimination of waste products; of metabolism; from the body of an organism.

(ii) Excretory organs in Humans with their waste products.  
Excretory Organs in humans                   Waste Products
Kidney -                                        Nitrogenous wastes/urea/water/salts/urine 
Skin -                                            Urea/SaltsNVater/Sweat 
Liver -                                          Bile/excess cholesterol
Lungs -                                        CO2/water vapour.

(b) Functioning of kidney as excretory: Blood from the renal artery enters the bowman's capsule; through the afferent arteriole; ultra filtration occurs in the Bowman's capsule; high pressure in the glomerulus causes the filtration of small molecules/amino acids/ glucose/ minerals salts/ water/ urea; out of the blood plasma into the cavity of the capsule; the filtrate/glomerular filtrate passes through the nephron; where selective reabsorption of useful metabolites/glucose/amino acids take place; in the descending/first proximal convoluted/coiled tubule; the reabsorption of salts and water is regulated in the loop of Henle; and the ascending/second/distal convoluted tubule/large waste molecules like creatine secreted at loop of Henle; depending on blood concentration; the filtrate continues into the main collecting duct/tube; where further reabsorption of water and salt takes place; the remaining fluid in the duct becomes urine.

(c) Excretory organs in; 
(i) Insects → Malpighian tubules
(ii) Earthworm →Nephridia/Nephridium 

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