(a) A farmer intends to cultivate sorghum on a farmland measuring 300m by 1050m at a seed rate of 60kg per hectare.
If sorghum requires NPK 15:15:15 fertilizer at the rate of 20kg per hectare.
Calculate the:
(i) area of farmland in hectares
(ii) quantity of sorghum seeds required for planting
(iii) quantity of fertilizer required
b(i) State two differences between building and grafting in vegetative propagation.
(ii) Mention four crops that could be propagated by budding.
(c) Name two groups of farm animals each that should be fed with:
(i) production ration
(ii) maintenance ration
(i) Area of farmland = length × Breadth
= 300m × 150m
= 45,000 m²
Iha = 10,000 m²
Area of farm land = 45,000 m² ÷ 10,000 m²
= 4.5 ha
(ii) Quantity of sorghum seeds required for planting
seed rate = 60kg/ha
quantity of seeds required
= 4.5 ha × 60kg/ha
= 270kg
(iii) Quantity of fertilizer required
Fertilizer rate = 20 kg/ha
quantity of fertilizer required
= 4.5 ha × 20kg/ha
= 90kg
b(i) Differences between pudding and grafting in vegetative propagation
| Budding | Grafting |
| Small bud is used as scion | Part of a stem/branch is used as scion |
| A T-shaped or inverted T-shaped cut is commonly made on the stock. | A slant or V-shaped is commonly made on both the stock and scion. |
| Commonly done during the active growing season of the stock. | Usually performed when the rock is dormant e.g during harmattan. |
| The stock and scion does not need to need to be of the same age and size for successful budding. |
The stock and scion should be of approximately the same page and size for successful grafting. |
| The scion is small | The scion is large |
(ii) Crops that could be propagated by budding
- Citrus/named citrus,cherry,cashew,avocado pear,mango,almond.
- Cocoa apple,ornamental plants,rubber,tea,peach.
(c) Groups of animals that should be fed with different types of ration
(i) Production ration:
- Pregnant animals,weaned animals,broilers,new born animals,layers.
- Broilers,New born animals,layers,breeding males/females,fatteners.
- Growers,wool producing sheep,beef cattle,Dairy cow./low lactating animals
(ii) Maintenance ration:
- Spent layers,old animals,culled animals,Dry cows,Non-lactaitng animals - non breeders
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