Explanation

(a)   Name of pests
I      Grasshopper
II     Weevil
III    Cotton stainer
                                                                                                                           

(b)    Life cycle of the pest labelled I (Grasshopper)

• The female lays eggs on the underside of leaves/ dig hole in the soil / decaying wood;
• The eggs hatch into nymphs;
• The nymphs move to farms and feed on cassava leaves or other shrubs till they become adults;
• The nymph moults five times before becoming adult grasshopper;
• It undergoes incomplete metamorphosis.

                                                                 
(c)     Damages caused by the pest labelled III (Cotton stainer) on crops

• Transmits diseases;
• Causes leaf distortion;
• Pierces and sucks sap from crop tissues;
• Reduces the quality of bolls;
• Produces saliva which is toxic to crops;
• Wounds caused by the pest to plants leads to secondary infection.

                                                                            
(d)     Ways of controlling the pest labelled IV (Bird)

• Use of avicides;
• Drumming or noise making on the farm;
• Use of cage traps;
• Use of scarecrow or bird scarers;
• Shooting with catapult/sling;
• Fencing/screening farms in greenhouse;
• Destruction of the birds’ nests

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