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2012 WAEC Agricultural Science Theory  (a) Explain what is meant by subsistence agriculture. (2 marks)  (b) Discuss briefly the interdependence...

Agricultural Science
WAEC 2012

 (a) Explain what is meant by subsistence agriculture. (2 marks) 

(b) Discuss briefly the interdependence of  agriculture and industry under the following headings?

(i) tools, implements and machinery industries; (ii) processing industries (iii) Agro-chemical industries (6 marks)

(c) What is farm surveying? (2 marks) (ii) With the aid of a diagram, explain the use of the 3, 4, 5 method in farm survey. ( 6 marks)

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Explanation

 (a)Meaning of subsistence agriculture: A farming system whereby the farmer uses traditional tools with poor inputs on a small piece of land to produce food for his family consumption.

(b) Discussion on the interdependence of agriculture and industry: 
(i) Tools, implements and machinery industries: 
-The increasing high demand for agricultural produce and the need to process and store them have given rise to mechanization. 
- Farm machinery and implements have been manufactured by various industries and local artisans to carry out various operations in agriculture. 
- Local blacksmithing workshops produce tools such as hoes and machines for grinding and milling of farm produce.

 (ii) Processing Industries: 
- Most agricultural produce are perishable and bulky in nature. 
-They require some form of processing and storage prior to their consumption and marketing in future.
-This has led to the establishment of processing industries e.g. industries processing fruits, tubers, milk, etc. 

(iii) Agro-chemical industries: 
-In order to boost agricultural production, farmers' demand for agro-chemicals such as fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and fungicides has been on the increase. 
-Veterinary drugs as well as feed additives are also required in animal production. 
(c)(i) Meaning of farm surveying: Farm surveying is the process of measuring and mapping out the position, size and boundaries of a farm land. 
(ii) Explanation on the use of the 3, 4, 5 method in farm survey. 

-From the point in figure X where the right angle is to be marked, 3 metres are measured back to point C. 
- Pegs are stuck into the ground at A and C. 
-Apiece of cord 4 metres long is tied to the peg at A and one 5 metres long tied to the peg at C. 
- The two pegs are stretched out and another peg is stuck into the ground where the cords meet at B. The angle marked at A is now a right angle. 


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WAEC May/June 2024 - Practice for Objective & Theory - From 1988 till date, download app now - 99995
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WAEC offline past questions - with all answers and explanations in one app - Download for free