Explanation

(a) Methods of identification in cattle production: Branding with hot iron, Tagging (Neck/Ear/Nose), Ear Notching, Tattooing

 (b) Reasons for carrying out the following animal husbandry practices:

 (i) Culling of poultry
- To remove unproductive birds from the flock 
- To remove diseased birds from the flock to prevent spread of disease 
- To remove aggressive or cannibalistic birds from the flock 
- To remove pest infested birds from the flock 

(ii) Dehorning of cattle 
- To reduce the space required by cattle during feeding 
- To ensure that the animals eat more peacefully 
- To enhance the physical appearance of the cattle 
- To ease the transportation of the cattle from one location to another 
- To make handling easy 
- To reduce aggressive tendencies in the flock and reduce injuries to individuals. 

(c) Botanical names of pasture legumes grown in West Africa:
Calopogonium mucunoides, Centrosema pubescens, Pueraria phaseoloides, Stylosanthes gracilis, Mucuna utilis, Crotalaria juncea 

(d) Ways of preserving harvested fish: Freezing, Smoking, Salting, Sun drying, Canning, Roasting, Irradiation, Steam cooking, Icing

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