Key Features:

No of Pages: 58
No of Chapters: 5

Buy Now

Abstract:

Wastepaper, which is a cellulose feedstock, is emerging as an attractive option for the production of bioethanol because of lower feedstock cost, higher potential for fossil fuel displacement, and also there is a reduction in greenhouse gas emission as compared to the production of ethanol from corn. The main objective of the current project is to minimize wastepaper loads on municipal solid waste by
efficiently utilizing the wastepaper in the production of bioethanol.

From the experiment, 100g of wastepaper produced 26ml of ethanol, using acid hydrolysis in the Separate Hydrolysis and Fermentation (SHF) method. The ethanol produced having a percentage yield of 55.7% and a percentage purity of 77%.

Table of Content:

Title Page i

Certification ii

Dedication iii

Acknowledgements iv

Table of Contents v

Abstract vii

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction/Background of Study 1

1.1 Aim 4

1.2 Statement of Research Objective 4

1.3 Scope of Study 5

1.4 Literature Review 5

1.4.1 Structure and Composition of Lignocellulose Biomass 6

1.4.2 Cellulose 6

1.4.3 Hemicellulose 9

1.4.4 Lignin 10

1.5 Wastepaper as a Feedstock for Ethanol Production 11

1.5.1 Wastepaper Defined 12

1.6 Production of Ethanol from Cellulose 15

1.6.1 Separate Hydrolysis and Fermentation 16

1.6.2 Enzymatic Hydrolysis 17



1.6.3 Acid Hydrolysis 19

1.6.4 Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation 21

1.6.5 Thermochemical Processes 23

1.6.6 Fermentation 24

1.6.7 Distillation 25

1.7 Advantages of Cellulosic Ethanol over Corn (Grain) Ethanol 23

1.7.1 Disadvantages of Cellulosic Ethanol over Starch Ethanol 27

1.7.2 Uses of Ethanol 27

1.7.2.1 E10 28

1.7.2.2 E15 28

1.7.2.3 E85 28

1.7.2.4 Intermediate Blends from Blender Pumps 29

1.8 Economics of Lignocellulosics 30

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Experimental 32

2.1 Materials 32

2.1.1 List of Apparatus 32

2.1.2 List of Reagents 33

2.2 Method 33

2.2.1 Separate Hydrolysis and Fermentation 33

2.3 Precautions 35



CHAPTER THREE

3.0 Results and Discussion 36

3.1 Effect of the Method on Ethanol Yield 36

3.2 Test For Glucose 37

3.3 Test for Ethanol 37

3.4 Discussion 38

3.5 Conclusion 40

3.6 Recommendation 41

References 42

Appendix 1 47

Appendix 2 50

Appendix 3 51