Key Features:

No of Pages: 42
No of Chapters: 5

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Abstract:

This study was to determine the concentration of trace metal (Cd, Pb, Fe, Cu and Zn) in the skin and kidney of a cowmeat. The analysis was carried out using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The concentration of the trace metals in the different organs were as follows, skin cadmium 0.86 + 0.003, Lead 1.09 + 0.002, Iron 14.30 + 0.001 Copper 0.85 + 0.015 Zinc 6.48 + 0.001 and Kidney. Cadmium 0.78 + 0.001, Lead 0.39 + 0.002 Iron 9.15 + 0.003, Copper 1.52 + 0.002, Zinc 17.15 + 0.003. it was revealed that skin had the highest concentration of (Cd, Pb and Fe) while kidney had the highest concentration of (Cu and Zn), some result were higher than the WHO/FAO and EC recommended standard. High level of trace metal may pose a serious health problem to human cowmeat therefore adequate analysis and monitoring of trace metals in meat sold to the urban population is advocated.

Table of Content:

Title page -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- i



Certification -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ii



Dedication -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- iii



Acknowledgement -- -- -- -- -- -- -- iv



Abstract -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- v



Table of content -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- vi-ix



CHAPTER ONE



1.0 Introduction -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 1



1.1 Background of the study -- -- -- -- -- -- 1-3



1.2 Aim and objectives -- -- -- -- -- -- 3-4



1.3 Scope and limitation -- -- -- -- -- -- 4



1.4 Definition of terms -- -- -- -- -- -- 4-5







CHAPTER TWO



2.0 Literature review -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 6-9



2.1 Trace metal -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 9



2.2 Trace metal and living organism -- -- -- -- 9-10



2.3 Types of trace metal -- -- -- -- -- -- 11



2.3.1 Cadmium -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 11-12



2.3.2 Copper -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 12



2.3.3 Iron -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 13



2.3.4 Zinc -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 14



2.3.5 Lead -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 14-15



2.4 Beef (cowmeat) -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 15-16



2.5 Kidney -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 16



2.6 Skin -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 17



CHAPTER THREE



3.0 Material and method -- -- -- -- -- -- 17



3.1 Materials -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 17



3.2 Collection of Samples -- -- -- -- -- -- 17



3.3 Preservation of Samples -- -- -- -- -- 18



3.4 Digestion of Samples -- -- -- -- -- -- 18-19



3.5 Trace metal analysis using AAS -- -- -- -- 19-20



CHAPTER FOUR



4.0 Result and Discussion -- -- -- -- -- -- 21



4.1 Result -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 21



4.2 Discussion -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 21-25



CHAPTER FIVE



5.0 Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation -- -- 26



5.1 Summary and Conclusion -- -- -- -- -- 26-27



5.2 Recommendation -- -- -- -- -- -- --



References