Explanation

(a) James advised Christians to endure all trials and to ask all things with faith because any person who doubts cannot receive anything. He also advised Christians to show joy in all things because whatever happens to us is meant by God to serve a purpose. For our prayers to be effective, it must be God - centred, not self-centred. We must have faith and also make our hearts to be in tune with God. To pray effectively, we must always sincerely confess our sins. James advised Christians to pray whenever they are in difficulties. While praying, they must give thanks to God. When any Christian has occasion to rejoice, he should sing praises to God. James admonishes Christians to confess their sins and pray for one another, since the serious prayer of a good man works miracles.

(b) Factors which may hinder the effectiveness of prayer are:

(i) Lack of concentration

(ii) Lack of faith

(iii) The order or arrangement of prayer which must include thanksgiving, confession of sins, etc.

(iv) Sin

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