Explanation

(a) Explanation of factors that affect feed formulation for farm animals

(i)         Age of animal

• It determines the nutrient level of feed to be formulated
• It also determines the size of the particles of the feed
• It determines the type/form of the feed

 (ii)       Physiological state of animal

• It has to do with the health status of animal i.e. whether it is sick or well
• Also relates whether the animal is pregnant, dry or lactating, laying, growing
• Determine the type of feed to be fed to an animal

 (iii)       Purpose of keeping the animal

Feed formulated depends on the type of product/objective/output expected from the animal e.g. meat, egg, wool, draught/power/work
 

(b)  Precautions to be taken to ensure the preparation of good quality feed for   
           layers

• Obtain good quality ingredients
• Ensure correct formulation of feed using appropriate ratio(e.g. energy/protein ratio, minerals, vitamins)
• Mill to right particle size
• Ensure thorough mixing of feed
• Pack in a suitable container
• Store in an appropriate place
• Ensure hygienic conditions in the mixing parlour(mill)/hygienic environment

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