(a) Mention 3 ways each by which the following agricultural programmes and institute have contributed to agricultural development in West Africa:
i cooperative farming
ii farm settlement scheme
iii agricultural research institute
(b) Name one tractor-mounted implement each that would perform a similar function as as the following farm tools.
(i) Dibber: (ii) Hoe (iii) Sickle (iv) Wheelbarrow (v) Watering can:
(c) State two:
(i) advantages of using the mouldboard plough;
(ii) disadvantages of using the mouldboard plough.
(a) Ways by which the following agricultural programmes sand institute has contributed to the agricultural development in West Africa.
(ii) Cooperative farming:
- Farmers pool their resources to obtain credit facilities at low interest rates
- The cooperative helps farmers to store farm produce to the market
- Facilitates joint processing of produce
(ii) Farm Settlement scheme
- Reduces unemployment among youths
- Helps to make agriculture attractive to youths
- Settlers are taught improved farming techniques
- Improves agricultural productivity
- Helps in developing rural areas/provision for basic amenities
(iii) Agricultural research institute develops
- New varieties of crops and breeds of animals
- Better methods of controlling pests and diseases
- Breeds of animals and varieties of crops that are resistant to pests and diseases
- Better storage and processing facilities
- New cultural practices and better farming systems for greater yield.
(b) Tractor mounted implement that could perform similar functions as the following farm tools
(i) Dibber
- Seed drill/planter/combine/ drill
(ii) Hoe
- i Plough ii Harrow iii Ridger iv Cultivator
(iii) Sickle
- Mower/Slasher
- Harvester
(iv) Wheel barrow
- Trailer/cart/wagon
- Bucket loader
(v) Watering Can
- Boom sprayer
- Sprinkler irrigation system
c (i) Advantages of using mould-board plough
- Can be used in soils free from stumps/stones
- Shares can be resharpened by grinding
- Buries weeds/crops deeply
(ii) Disadvantages of using the mould-board plough
- Not adapted to tropical soil with obstacles
- loses its share point easily when in contact with obstacles
- predisposes the soil to erosion
- Frequent usage leads to soil compaction/formation of hard pan
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